Ke motho ofe, ea nang le "hacienda" ea toropong, ea sa loreng ka serapa se majabajaba, moo ho ke keng ha ba le litholoana feela, empa le limela tse ntle tsa mekhabiso? Lihlahla tse sehiloeng ka makhethe, lifate tsa mekhabiso bakeng sa seratsoana, tse haufi le ntlo e kholo kapa ntlo e nyane ea naha, li tla etsa moea o motle oa ho phomola kamora bophelo bo thata ba letsatsi le letsatsi, e tla ba boikakaso ba beng, taba ea mohono o "tšoeu" oa baahisani.
Karolo ea lifate tsa mekhabiso, lihlahla lirapeng
Limela tsa mekhabiso ke tsona lintho tseo hangata li haelloang ke li-dacha tse reretsoeng ho kotuloa feela. Leha ho le joalo, karolo ea bona e kholo haholo:
- khabisa setša, se fane ka ponahalo ea botle;
- ho khotsofatsa tikoloho ka oksijene, ho monya carbon dioxide;
- ho lokolloa ha lintho tse fapaneng tsa bohlokoa moeeng;
- ha u lema haufi le sebaka sa sebaka - ts'ireletso ea batho, limela tsa litholoana lerōleng, tšilafalo ea khase;
- ka letsatsi le chesang, meqhaka e teteaneng ea lifate e tla sireletsa beng ba ntlo ea lehlabula moriting oa bona mochesong oa lehlabula;
- "Hedge" e tla sireletsa sebaka seo ka terata e tlase kapa e letlooeng ho mahlo a hlabang;
- Lihlahla tse teteaneng tse khabisang haufi le terata li tla thibela meea e matla ho ama lijalo tsa meroho le monokotšoai.
Mefuta e fapaneng e khahlisa leihlo ka litsela tse fapaneng - tse ling nakong ea lipalesa, tse ling - ho tloha ha makhasi a hlaha ho fihlela a oa, le li-conifers - hoo e ka bang selemo kaofela.
Ke lifate life tseo u ka li jalang: etsa qeto ka khetho
Khetho ea lifate tse ntle tsa mekhabiso e ipapisitse le maemo a leholimo a tikolohong eo, boholo ba serapa sa serapa, khetho ea beng ba lirapa le bokhoni ba bona ba lichelete. Bakeng sa maqhubu a batang a leboea, ho molemo ho fumana mefuta e sa thibeleng serame - mefuta e ka boroa e tla tlameha ho koaheloa ka mokhoa o tlatselletsang, mme sena ke mathata a sa hlokahaleng, haholo ha ho na le lifate tse ngata joalo. Libakeng tse futhumetseng, khetho ea limela tse loketseng e batla e le kholoanyane, empa mefuta e meng e khetha haholo ka sebopeho sa mobu, asiti ea eona, makhetlo a nosetsang, a bohlokoa haholo libakeng tse omeletseng.
Lifate tse telele tse nang le meqhaka e pharaletseng li beoa libakeng tse kholo, tse pharalletseng, empa libakeng tse fokolang khetho ena ha e amohelehe - mefuta e joalo e khona ho etsa moriti sebaka hoo e batlang e le ka botlalo, ho thibela tse nyane ho hola ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng.
Baahi ba bang ba lehlabula ba reka lifate tse tlase tsa libate, tseo haholo-holo li sa tloaelehang - ba qeta lehlabula ka ntle le mariha ka tlung.
Ho khetha lifate ka mekhahlelo ea serapa
Lifate tse khabisitsoeng ka tloaelo li arotsoe ka:
- tse katlase ka tlase - bophahamo bo ka tlase ho limithara tse 10. Tsena li kenyelletsa: birch barty, birch ea Jung, hawthorn e hlabang, molora o llang, 'mapa o bōpehileng joaloka palema, leoka le lesehla, quince ea Japane, junipere ea dahurian, linaoa;
- e mahareng - e bolelele ba limithara tse 10-15. Tsena li kenyelletsa: 'mapa o motala,' mapa oa Tatar, thuja e ka bophirima, molora o tloaelehileng oa lithabeng, moluoane o llang, birch e llang;
- bolelele - bonyane 15 m ka bolelele. Tsena li kenyelletsa: oak, linden, spruce e tloaelehileng, chestnut, beech ea meru, maple oa sefofane.
Limela tse telele tse telele li etsa molumo o otlolohileng oa sebaka, sebopeho sa mahlakore a mararo, se fana ka moriti o mongata, se etsa hore ho be le ts'ireletso. Bakeng sa merero e menyenyane, esita le lifate tsa limithara tse tharo ho isa ho tse nne li tla ba telele, bakeng sa tse kholo - li-giants tsa 25-30 tsa limithara. E le karolo ea lipina tse fapaneng tsa lehong, mefuta e mengata ea lifate tse tloaelehileng le eona e sebelisoa - e seng bophahamo ba limithara tse 1,5. Litsebi li khothaletsa ho kopanya likhetho tse 'maloa serapeng sa hau, ho theha libaka tse ikhethang.
Mefuta ea lifate
Limela tsohle tsa mekhabiso e arotsoe ka:
- li-conifers - lipeo tsa tsona lia hola, li butsoe ka li-cones tsa libopeho tse fapaneng. Bongata ba mefuta ena e na le makhasi a bōpehileng joaloka nale a bolelele bo fapaneng le botenya bo nang le boka kapa bo se nang boka; mefuteng e meng, makhasi a bataletse, a makhapetla;
- makhasi a palesa - makhasi a lipalesa. Makhasi a na le tlhophiso e fapaneng, ho tloha botala bo bobebe ho isa bofubelu bo bofubelu. Makhasi a thunya nakong ea selemo ebe a pona ebe a oela ka hoetla;
- mekhabiso ea litholoana - mefuta e fapaneng ea lifate tse tloaelehileng tsa litholoana, hangata li na le bophahamo bo bonyenyane, litholoana tse nyane, makhasi a matle;
- mefuta eksotiske ke mefuta e tsoang kantle ho naha, hangata e sa lumellaneng le maemo a leholimo a maqhubu a bohareng. Hangata, li hloka bolulo ha ho bata.
Li-conifers
Tse sa hlompheheng, boholo ba tsona li le telele, leha mefuta e menyenyane le eona e fumaneha, li khona ho hola hantle molemong oa mobu ofe kapa ofe.
Tlhaloso ea mefuta e tloaelehileng haholo e nang le mabitso:
- junipere - e hola libakeng tse khanyang kapa tse mahlahahlaha, e khetha mobu o monyang mongobo, o bobebe, o hlephileng. Metsi a mangata ha a mamelle hantle, ka hona hangata a lengoa matsoapong, mafikeng, libetheng tse phahameng tsa lipalesa. Mefuta: Chinese - e na le 'mala oa bronze-bosehla, bolelele ho fihlela ho limithara tse peli, tse tshekaletseng - linale tse putsoa, e hola ho fihlela ho 50 cm, scaly - e hola ka mafolofolo ka bophara, bolelele bo ka bang 30 cm;
- phaene - e hola hantle libakeng tse chesang, tse nang le lehlabathe, ebile ha e mamelle metsi a mangata. Ho na le mefuta e tloaelehileng le e menyenyane. Mofuta o tummeng oa phaene ea lithaba e nang le linalete tse botala bo bosehla, ka lilemo tse leshome ha e hōle ho feta halofo ea mithara, e bata mariha tlasa lehloa;
- spruce - mefuta e metle e hola ka mongobo, empa eseng e omme haholo, mekhoabo. Mefuta e fapaneng: e tloaelehileng - e nang le linalete tse botala bo lefifi, ka lilemo tse 10 e hola ho fihlela ho 2 m, e lla - makala a malelele a oela fatše hantle, semela sa motho e moholo ha se phahame ho feta limithara tse robeli, prickly - 'mala oa silvery-bluish, semela sa batho ba baholo se fihla ho 3 m;
- fir - e hloka mobu o nonneng, o mamellang moriti haholo, o hola butle haholo, empa o ka fihla ho limithara tse 20-50. Mmala - ho tloha botala bo lefifi ho isa ho silevera. Mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ke Arizona, Balsame, Korea;
- thuja - e hola hantle mobung o hlephileng, o mongobo, o nang le calcareous, o sa senngoe ke tse senyang lijalo, o na le sebopeho sa piramidi. Tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ke tsa Canada, khekhe, elegantne lima.
E makatsa
Li-deciduous li khabisa haholo, li na le makhasi a mefuta le boholo bo fapaneng. Baemeli ba ikhethang:
- Maple ea Manchurian - e bophahamo ba limithara tse 20, e tšesaane ebile e le semela se setle sa mahe a linotši, e tsoang kantle ho naha ho tsoa Bochabela bo Hōle. Makhasi a trifoliate a le botala hlabula, khubelu-lamunu ka hoetla. O rata letsatsi, mobu o nonneng, empa o mamella komello, o hanela serame;
- maple oa silevera - e hola ho fihla ho 35-40 metres ka bolelele, e sa keneng serame, e nang le lifoto, e hola kapele, e hloka mongobo o mongata. Makhasi a na le litsoe tse hlano, botala hlabula, bosehla, bokhubelu-lamunu, burgundy ka hoetla. Maple o qala ho thunya pele makhasi a hlaha;
- fluffy birch - e ikokobelitseng, e hanang serame, e hanang moea, e rata mobu o mongobo. Moqhaka oa eona o molelele, hoo e ka bang kutu eohle e tšoeu. Peo e bobebe, e hasana kapele libakeng tse telele, letlobo le lecha - ka fluff;
- birch drooping, kapa warty, - e na le bolelele bo fetang limithara tse 35, e khona ho mamella komello, e hola hantle libakeng tse chabetseng le tse mongobo. Moqhaka oa lla, o bulehile, makhasi a matala hlabula, bosehla ka hoetla.
Litholoana tse khabisitsoeng
Mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea poone e nyalisitsoeng hantle, e lumellanang hantle le maemo a leholimo a leholimo a futhumetseng, e etsa hore ho khonehe ho hlophisa ntlo ea lehlabula hantle, leha e na le tšenyo e nyane ho chai le thepa ea litholoana.
E tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa:
- sefate sa apole se nang le litholoana tse nyane - se tlase: se hola ho fihla ho limithara tse 6-10, se khetholloa ke ho thatafala ha mariha hantle, se khetha mobu o sa jeleng paate. Moqhaka oa hasana, makhasi a motopo, a botala hlabula, a bofubelu-lamunu ka hoetla. Lipalesa li tšoeu-pinki, litholoana li nyane, hangata li khubelu;
- Kiku-Shidare cheri kapa sakura - e khetha libaka tse chesang, tse khutsitseng, libaka tse nang le phepo e nepahetseng. Bolelele ba limithara tse tharo ho isa ho tse tšeletseng, makala a leketlile fatše, makhasi a phatsimang a botala ba lehlabula, 'mala oa lamunu o mosehla ka hoetla. E thunya haholo ka lipalesa tse kholo tse pinki, litholoana tse nyane;
- pere e llang ea moluoane - e sa hlokeng mobu, bophahamo - ho fihla ho limithara tse tharo, makhasi a silvery, a atisang ho bolokoa mariha, lipalesa tse tšoeu, litholoana tse sa jeoeng, tse nyane. Makhasi, litholoana li bolokiloe sefateng mariha.
Lifate tse sa tloaelehang
Mefuta ena e tlisitsoe haholo-holo ho tsoa linaheng tse chesang, tse ngata li ikamahantse hantle le boemo ba leholimo ba lehae, tse ling kaofela li hloka "ho futhumala" haeba ho lebelletsoe mariha a serame.
Mefuta e atileng haholo:
- Ash's magnolia ha e hanyetsoe ke serame, e rata mobu o kolobisitsoeng hantle, o noselitsoeng, libaka tse chesang le tse khutsitseng. E hola ho fihla bophahamong ba limithara tse 6-7. 'Mala oa makhasi o tsoa botala bo bobebe ho ea bopherese bo boputsoa, lipalesa li kholo - ho fihlela 30 cm bophara, li tšoeu;
- Sefubelu se sefubelu sa Japane kapa sefate sa gingerbread - se hola hantle libakeng tse bonesitsoeng hantle, empa ho chesa hoa khoneha ho tsoa letsatsing le tobileng. E rata mobu o metsi, o nang le asiti e nyane. Makhasi a bōpehileng joaloka pelo, satin e pinki nakong ea selemo, pherese ea khauta ka hoetla;
- rooting tekoma-kampsis - e sa keneleng serame, e hloka ho nosetsang ka bongata, e sa feleng, liana tse nang le metso e fofang, e ts'ehetsang ts'ehetso efe kapa efe. Bophahamo ba limithara tse 5-15, lipalesa - e bopehileng joaloka tšepe, e mosehla kapa e khubelu-lamunu;
- brugmansia e nkhang hamonate - e khetha mobu oa "mafura", khanya e ngata, ha e fapane le ho hanela serame - e hloka bolulo bo ka tšeptjoang ba mariha kapa bo holang ka matangoaneng, bophahamo ba limithara tse 'ne ho isa ho tse hlano. Lipalesa - ho fihlela bolelele ba cm 30, 'mala oa bona o botala bo botala.
Ho hanyetsa serame sa lifate
Mefuta e khabisang serame e kenyelletsa:
- Doorenbos birch ke birch ea whitest e nang le mefuta e mengata ka ho fetesisa e ratang leseli, e loketse mobu o nonneng o mahareng. Makhasi a maholo, lipalesa li ngata, ha li hlahelle, bophahamo ke limithara tse 15;
- Maple ea Royal Red ea Norway - e rata letsatsi, e sa tsotelle sebopeho sa mobu, empa ha e amohele libaka tse mokhoabo. Bophahamo - ho fihlela ho limithara tse 20, makhasi - a litsoe tse hlano kapa likoti tse supileng, e khubelu nakong ea selemo, e khubelu-ntsho ka hoetla;
- Rowan e tloaelehileng - e mamellang moriti, e hola hoo e batlang e le mobu ofe kapa ofe o hlephileng. E hola ho fihla ho limithara tse 5-10, makhasi a masiba, lipalesa tse nyane, bosoeu bo bosehla, litholoana tse joalo ka monokotšoai.
Mefuta e fapaneng ea mekhabiso ea lihlahla
Lihlahla li fapane le lifate ka boholo ba tsona, ho tloha joang - ka boteng ba stems.
Mefuta e tsebahalang:
- Japanese quince - e hlokang khanya, e hanang komello, e khetha mobu o bobebe, mongobo o mahareng. Ha serame se le matla, se hloka bolulo. Litholoana li mosehla, ha li butsoe libakeng tse batang;
- forsythia - e hola hantle libakeng tse nang le letsatsi, mobu o nonneng o bobebe, o thunya ho fihlela makhasi a hlaha, lipalesa li le mosehla, li nyane;
- scumpia - e hola mobung o nonneng, bophahamo bo ka ba limithara tse tharo, lehlabula makhasi a tala, ka hoetla - bosehla-lamunu kapa sekareleta sa burgundy. Lipalesa li tšoeu-pinki kapa bosehla bo bosehla;
- tšimo - e hola mobung o bobebe, e bonolo haholo, e tšoana le molora oa thaba lipalesa le makhasi, ka hoetla makhasi a fetoha ho tloha botala ho ea ho khauta.
Melao ea mantlha ea kholo, tlhokomelo
Mefuta e fapaneng ea limela tse nang le lehong e hloka maemo a fapaneng bakeng sa kholo e tloaelehileng, ho boloka mekhabiso. Litlhahiso tsa bohlokoa:
- moqhaka oa moqhaka ho tloha selemong sa pele sa bophelo;
- ho faola selemo le selemo ka bohloeki;
- nakong ea selemo - pente ho sireletsa letsatsing;
- taolo ea likokonyana le mafu ka ho fafatsa;
- ho kenya maraba bakeng sa hares, litoeba;
- ho fepa ka nepo bakeng sa kholo e tloaelehileng, ho beha litholoana;
- nosetsang kamehla komello, mocheso;
- nakong ea hoetla - ho kotula baithaopi, ho bola makhasi;
- Mariha - ho hlohlora lehloa makaleng, ho sireletsa mefuta e sa thibeleng serame.
Melao-motheo ea peakanyo ea lifate serapeng, kopanyo ea tsona le limela tse ling
Likarolo tse latelang li sebelisoa ha ho raloa lirapa:
- tekanyetso - hangata e mahareng kapa e tlase, e nang le moqhaka o haufi le bolo ka sebopeho;
- mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea ho lla;
- litholoana tse nyenyane, lifate tse hlabang;
- poone e nyalisitsoeng.
Lifate li hlophisitsoe ka mola o le mong kapa e 'meli, ka bonngoe, ho latela paterone e itseng, ka lihlopha tsa palo e makatsang ea baemeli ba mefuta e tšoanang, e fapaneng. Ho a khonahala ho theha se bitsoang "bosquettes" - mini-groves, eo, ka thuso ea ho kuta moriri, e thehoang "terata e phelang" e teteaneng, e sebelisa mefuta e meholo e meholo le e meholo.
Ka pel'a libaka tse ngata tse sa lefelloeng, lifate tse ling li sebelisoa e le tapeworms - limela tse ratang khanya tse lenngoeng sebakeng se bulehileng. Hangata ba arola kutu e le hore sefate se bonahale se le makala, se hasane ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, 'me se be le semela se tlase. Maemong a mang, balemi ba lirapa, ba sebelisa mekhoa e ikhethileng, ba theha selikalikoe, sekoahelo, sekhele, pyramidal, moqhaka o llang. Nako le nako - limela tse 'maloa tse tšoanang li lenngoe haufi le e' ngoe, butle-butle li batla li hola hammoho, ho tloha hole li shebahala joalo ka e le ngoe.
Ho bohlokoa hape ho kopanya ka nepo likarolo tsa libaka tse tala - ha se limela tsohle tse metsoalle. Mohlala, jasmine, lilac, fir, chestnut ea pere e na le phello e mpe ho nts'etsopele ea lipere, liapole, mme ho molemo hore o se ke oa lema letho haufi le li-mulberry, sea buckthorns. Lijalo tse ngata tsa litholoana ha li mamelle tikoloho eo ka birch, maple, li-conifers tse ngata. Pine, phaene, le fir li matlafatsa mobu haholo, o sa amoheleheng bakeng sa litholoana tsa majoe le mefuta ea pome. Haeba ho na le eike, moluoane, popoliri serapeng, makhasi a tsona a oeleng a lokela ho tlosoa pele a qala ho bola. Mefuta e meng ea lifate e na le li-phytotoxin tse ntšetsoang moeeng - li se kotsi ho batho, li senya limela tse ling ka botebo.
Esita le lifate tsa mofuta o le mong li khona ho thibela tse ling ho hola ka ho tiya ho fetelletseng ha limela, ka hona, boholo, sebōpeho sa moqhaka le methapo ea mofuta o itseng e ea tsotelloa.
Qetello
Lifate tsa jareteng tse nang le limela tse ngata, tse nang le botlaaseng bo tlase le tse kholo, lihlahla li tla khabisa, li khabise sebaka se seng le se seng sa ntlo, se u lumelle ho sebelisa ntloana ea lehlabula eseng feela bakeng sa ho cheka litapole, ho roala lihoete, ho fafatsa litamati, empa le bakeng sa phomolo e ntle, ho theha likarolo tsa pele tsa linepe tsa lehae khahlano le semelo sa "mekhabiso" hola ka matsoho a bona.
